Last phase of the Little Ice Age forced by volcanic eruptions

End of the Little Ice Age in the Alps forced by industrial black carbon.

Glaciers in the European Alps began to retreat abruptly from their mid-19th century maximum, marking what appeared to be the end of the Little Ice Age. Alpine temperature and precipitation records suggest that glaciers should instead have continued to grow until circa 1910. Radiative forcing by increasing deposition of industrial black carbon to snow may represent the driver of the abrupt glaci...

Volcanic eruptions recorded in the Illimani ice core (Bolivia)

Volcanic eruptions recorded in the Illimani ice core (Bolivia): 1918–1998 and Tambora periods M. De Angelis, J. Simões , H. Bonnaveira, J.-D. Taupin, and R. J. Delmas LGGE, CNRS and Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble-Saint Martin d’Hères, France Institute of Geosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil LGGE, IRD, Grenoble-Saint Martin d’Hères, France Received: 3 F...

Phase equilibria trigger for explosive volcanic eruptions

[1] A mechanism for explosive volcanic eruptions based on multicomponent phase equilibria modelling of four explosive volcanic systems is proposed. In each system, either isochoric or isobaric crystallization, where either crystals or crystals and exsolved fluid are chemically fractionated from melt, leads inevitably to near-solidus dynamical instability culminating in violent explosive eruptio...

Little Ice Age

Volume 1, The Earth system: physical and chemical dimensions of global environmental change, pp 504–509

Volcanic Eruptions